Cosmetic changes.
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@ -76,25 +76,25 @@ else
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% the trends appearing in the error correction terms. We
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% assume that the model can be cast in the following form:
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%
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% Δ X_t = A_0 (X_{t-1} - Z_{t-1}) + Σ_{i=1}^p A_i Δ X_{t-i} + ϵ_t
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% Δ Xₜ = A₀ (Xₜ₋₁ - Zₜ₋₁) + Σᵢ₌₁ᵖ Aᵢ Δ Xₜ₋ᵢ + ϵₜ
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%
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% Z_t = Z_{t-1} + η_t
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% Zₜ = Zₜ₋₁ + ηₜ
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%
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% We first recast the equation into this representation, and
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% we rewrite the model in levels (we integrate the first set
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% of equations) to rewrite the model as a VAR(1) model. Let
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% Y_t = [X_t; Z_t] be the vertical concatenation of vectors
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% X_t (variables with EC) and Z_t (trends). We have
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% Yₜ = [Xₜ; Zₜ] be the vertical concatenation of vectors
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% Xₜ (variables with EC) and Zₜ (trends). We have
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%
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% Y_t = Σ_{i=1}^{p+1} B_i Y_{t-i} + [ε_t; η_t]
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% Yₜ = Σᵢ₌₁ᵖ⁺¹ Bᵢ Yₜ₋ᵢ + [εₜ; ηₜ]
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%
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% with
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%
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% B_1 = [I+Λ+A_1, -Λ; 0, I]
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% B₁ = [I+Λ+A₁, -Λ; 0, I]
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%
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% B_i = [A_i-A_{i-1}, 0; 0, 0] for i = 2,..., p
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% Bᵢ = [Aᵢ-Aᵢ₋₁, 0; 0, 0] for i = 2,…, p
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% and
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% B_{p+1} = -[A_p, 0; 0, 0]
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% Bₚ₊₁ = -[Aₚ, 0; 0, 0]
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%
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% where the dimensions of I and 0 matrices can easily be
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% deduced from the number of EC and trend equations.
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